ethylene

Ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) is a hydrocarbon which has the formula C₂H₄ or H₂C=CH₂. It is a colourless, flammable gas with a faint "sweet and musky" odour when pure. It is the simplest alkene (a hydrocarbon with carbon–carbon double bonds).

Ethylene

Names
Preferred IUPAC name Ethene
Systematic IUPAC name Ethene
Other names Refrigerant R-1150
Identifiers
CAS Number	74-85-1 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
Beilstein Reference	1730731
ChEBI	CHEBI:18153 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL117822 Y
ChemSpider	6085 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.742
EC Number	200-815-3
Gmelin Reference	214
KEGG	C06547 Y
PubChem CID	6325
RTECS number	KU5340000
UNII	91GW059KN7 Y
UN number	1962 1038
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID1026378
InChI InChI=1S/C2H4/c1-2/h1-2H2 Y Key: VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/C2H4/c1-2/h1-2H2 Key: VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYAE
SMILES C=C
Properties
Chemical formula	C 2H 4
Molar mass	28.054 g·mol−1
Appearance	colourless gas
Density	1.178 kg/m3 at 15 °C, gas
Melting point	−169.2 °C (−272.6 °F; 104.0 K)
Boiling point	−103.7 °C (−154.7 °F; 169.5 K)
Solubility in water	131 mg/L (25 °C); 2.9 mg/L
Solubility in ethanol	4.22 mg/L
Solubility in diethyl ether	good
Acidity (pKa)	44
Conjugate acid	Ethenium
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-15.30·10−6 cm3/mol
Viscosity	10.28 μPa·s
Structure
Molecular shape	D2h
Dipole moment	zero
Thermochemistry
Std molar entropy (S⦵298)	219.32 J·K−1·mol−1
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298)	+52.47 kJ/mol
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H220, H336
Precautionary statements	P210, P261, P271, P304+P340, P312, P377, P381, P403, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	2 4 2
Flash point	−136 °C (−213 °F; 137 K)
Autoignition temperature	542.8 °C (1,009.0 °F; 815.9 K)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0475
Related compounds
Related compounds	Ethane Acetylene Propene
Supplementary data page
Ethylene (data page)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Y verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references

Ethylene is widely used in the chemical industry, and its worldwide production (over 150 million tonnes in 2016) exceeds that of any other organic compound. Much of this production goes toward creating polythene, which is a widely used plastic containing polymer chains of ethylene units in various chain lengths. Production emits greenhouse gases, including methane from feedstock production and carbon dioxide from any non-sustainable energy used.

Ethylene is also an important natural plant hormone and is used in agriculture to induce ripening of fruits. The hydrate of ethylene is ethanol.